The benefits of adopting genetically modified, insect resistant (Bt) maize in the European Union (EU): first results from 1998-2006 plantings Graham Brookes (2007)

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Abstract or Summary:

This paper reviews data on the impacts linked to the use of genetically modified (Bt) maize resistant to two important insect pests – the European corn borer (ECB) and the Mediterranean stem borer (MSB) in the European Union (EU) since this crop was first approved for planting in 1998.
Key finds are as follows:
- In 2006, approximately 65,000 ha of Bt maize were planted in seven EU member states;
- In maize growing regions affected by ECB and MSB, the primary impact of the adoption of Bt maize has been higher yields compared to conventional non-genetically modified (GM) maize. Average yield benefits have often been +10% and sometimes higher;
- In 2006, users of Bt maize have, on average, earned additional income levels of between €65 and €141/ha. This is equal to an improvement in profitability of +12 to +21%;
- In certain regions, Bt maize has delivered important improvements in grain quality through significant reductions in the levels of mycotoxins found in the grain.

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